bishop
英 ['bɪʃəp]
美 ['bɪʃəp]
助记提示
1、epi- "over" + skopos "watcher" (scop-) => Greek episkopos "watcher, overseer" => Late Latin episcopus => bishop (词首字母e脱落，p变b，sc变成sh)。
2、epi- + scop- => episcop => piscop => biscop => bishop.
3、episkopos is a title for various government officials, later taken over in a Church sense.
4、该词原意是指看管、掌管什么东西、什么事儿的官职、头衔，后来就主要用于表示基督教中的职位、头衔；其实，主教之职说通俗点儿，就有点儿像教中的长老、护法啊之类的职位。
5. 拥有2家商店的人.
中文词源
bishop 主教来自拉丁词episcopus. 前缀epi-, 在...上，词根scope, 看，同spect, 字母p,c置换。指宗教的监督者，监管者。
英文词源
- bishop
- bishop: [OE] Bishop originally had no ecclesiastical connections; its Greek source, episkopos, at first meant simply ‘overseer’, from epi- ‘around’ and skopein ‘look’ (antecedent of English scope, and related to spy). From the general sense, it came to be applied as the term for various government officials, and was waiting to be called into service for a ‘church officer’ as Christianity came into being and grew. The Greek word was borrowed into ecclesiastical Latin as episcopus (source of French évêque), and in more popular parlance lost its e-, giving *biscopus, which was acquired by English in the 9th century.
=> scope, spy - bishop (n.)
- Old English bisceop "bishop, high priest (Jewish or pagan)," from Late Latin episcopus, from Greek episkopos "watcher, overseer," a title for various government officials, later taken over in a Church sense, from epi- "over" (see epi-) + skopos "one that watches, one that looks after; a guardian, protector" (see scope (n.1)). Given a specific sense in the Church, but the word also was used in the New Testament as a descriptive title for elders, and continues as such in some non-hierarchical Christian sects.
A curious example of word-change, as effected by the genius of different tongues, is furnished by the English bishop and the French évêque. Both are from the same root, furnishing, perhaps the only example of two words from a common stem so modifying themselves in historical times as not to have a letter in common. (Of course many words from a far off Aryan stem are in the same condition.) The English strikes off the initial and terminal syllables, leaving only piscop, which the Saxon preference for the softer labial and hissing sounds modified into bishop. Évêque (formerly evesque) merely softens the p into v and drops the last syllable. [William S. Walsh, "Handy-Book of Literary Curiosities," Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott, 1892]
Late Latin episcopus in Spanish became obispo. Cognate with Old Saxon biscop, Old High German biscof. The chess piece (formerly archer, before that alfin) was so called from 1560s.
双语例句
- 1. Bishop Daly said he was devastated by news of the Cardinal's death.
- 戴利主教说他听到红衣主教去世的消息后感到极为震惊和难过。
来自柯林斯例句
- 2. I've heard a whisper that the Bishop intends to leave.
- 我听到有谣传说主教打算离开.
来自柯林斯例句
- 3. A new Catholic bishop was installed in Galway yesterday.
- 昨天在戈尔韦任命了一位新的天主教主教。
来自柯林斯例句
- 4. The Bishop directed the faithful to stay at home.
- 主教要求信徒们呆在家中。
来自柯林斯例句
- 5. The Bishop said he was sickened by the severity of the sentence.
- 主教说他对如此重的量刑大为震惊。
来自柯林斯例句